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use std::collections::HashSet;
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use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
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use std::hash::Hash;
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use thiserror::Error;
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use crate::ast::{Expression, Name, SymbolTable};
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use crate::metadata::Metadata;
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use crate::model::Model;
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#[derive(Debug, Error)]
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pub enum ApplicationError {
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    #[error("Rule is not applicable")]
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    RuleNotApplicable,
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    #[error("Could not calculate the expression domain")]
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    DomainError,
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}
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/// Represents the result of applying a rule to an expression within a model.
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///
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/// A `Reduction` encapsulates the changes made to a model during a rule application.
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/// It includes a new expression to replace the original one, an optional top-level constraint
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/// to be added to the model, and any updates to the model's symbol table.
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///
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/// This struct allows for representing side-effects of rule applications, ensuring that
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/// all modifications, including symbol table expansions and additional constraints, are
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/// accounted for and can be applied to the model consistently.
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///
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/// # Fields
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/// - `new_expression`: The updated [`Expression`] that replaces the original one after applying the rule.
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/// - `new_top`: An additional top-level [`Expression`] constraint that should be added to the model. If no top-level
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///   constraint is needed, this field can be set to `Expression::Nothing`.
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/// - `symbols`: A [`SymbolTable`] containing any new symbol definitions or modifications to be added to the model's
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///   symbol table. If no symbols are modified, this field can be set to an empty symbol table.
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///
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/// # Usage
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/// A `Reduction` can be created using one of the provided constructors:
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/// - [`Reduction::new`]: Creates a reduction with a new expression, top-level constraint, and symbol modifications.
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/// - [`Reduction::pure`]: Creates a reduction with only a new expression and no side-effects on the symbol table or constraints.
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/// - [`Reduction::with_symbols`]: Creates a reduction with a new expression and symbol table modifications, but no top-level constraint.
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/// - [`Reduction::with_top`]: Creates a reduction with a new expression and a top-level constraint, but no symbol table modifications.
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///
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/// The `apply` method allows for applying the changes represented by the `Reduction` to a [`Model`].
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///
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/// # Example
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/// ```
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/// // Need to add an example
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/// ```
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///
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/// # See Also
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/// - [`ApplicationResult`]: Represents the result of applying a rule, which may either be a `Reduction` or an `ApplicationError`.
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/// - [`Model`]: The structure to which the `Reduction` changes are applied.
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#[non_exhaustive]
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#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
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pub struct Reduction {
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    pub new_expression: Expression,
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    pub new_top: Expression,
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    pub symbols: SymbolTable,
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}
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/// The result of applying a rule to an expression.
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/// Contains either a set of reduction instructions or an error.
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pub type ApplicationResult = Result<Reduction, ApplicationError>;
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impl Reduction {
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    pub fn new(new_expression: Expression, new_top: Expression, symbols: SymbolTable) -> Self {
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        Self {
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            new_expression,
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            new_top,
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            symbols,
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        }
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    }
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    /// Represents a reduction with no side effects on the model.
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    pub fn pure(new_expression: Expression) -> Self {
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        Self {
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            new_expression,
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            new_top: Expression::And(Metadata::new(), Vec::new()),
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            symbols: SymbolTable::new(),
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        }
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    }
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    /// Represents a reduction that also modifies the symbol table.
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    pub fn with_symbols(new_expression: Expression, symbols: SymbolTable) -> Self {
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        Self {
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            new_expression,
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            new_top: Expression::And(Metadata::new(), Vec::new()),
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            symbols,
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        }
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    }
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    /// Represents a reduction that also adds a top-level constraint to the model.
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    pub fn with_top(new_expression: Expression, new_top: Expression) -> Self {
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        Self {
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            new_expression,
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            new_top,
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            symbols: SymbolTable::new(),
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        }
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    }
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    // Apply side-effects (e.g. symbol table updates
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    pub fn apply(self, model: &mut Model) {
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        model.extend_sym_table(self.symbols);
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        // TODO: (yb33) Remove it when we change constraints to a vector
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        if let Expression::And(_, exprs) = &self.new_top {
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            if exprs.is_empty() {
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                model.constraints = self.new_expression.clone();
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                return;
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            }
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        }
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        model.constraints = match self.new_expression {
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            Expression::And(metadata, mut exprs) => {
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                // Avoid creating a nested conjunction
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                exprs.push(self.new_top.clone());
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                Expression::And(metadata.clone_dirty(), exprs)
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            }
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            _ => Expression::And(
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                Metadata::new(),
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                vec![self.new_expression.clone(), self.new_top],
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            ),
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        };
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    }
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}
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/**
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 * A rule with a name, application function, and rule sets.
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 *
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 * # Fields
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 * - `name` The name of the rule.
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 * - `application` The function to apply the rule.
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 * - `rule_sets` A list of rule set names and priorities that this rule is a part of. This is used to populate rulesets at runtime.
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 */
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#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
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pub struct Rule<'a> {
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    pub name: &'a str,
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    pub application: fn(&Expression, &Model) -> ApplicationResult,
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    pub rule_sets: &'a [(&'a str, u16)], // (name, priority). At runtime, we add the rule to rulesets
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}
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impl<'a> Rule<'a> {
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    pub const fn new(
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        name: &'a str,
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        application: fn(&Expression, &Model) -> ApplicationResult,
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        rule_sets: &'a [(&'static str, u16)],
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    ) -> Self {
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        Self {
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            name,
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            application,
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            rule_sets,
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        }
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    }
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    pub fn apply(&self, expr: &Expression, mdl: &Model) -> ApplicationResult {
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        (self.application)(expr, mdl)
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    }
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}
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impl Display for Rule<'_> {
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    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
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        write!(f, "{}", self.name)
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    }
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}
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impl PartialEq for Rule<'_> {
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    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
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        self.name == other.name
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    }
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}
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impl Eq for Rule<'_> {}
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impl Hash for Rule<'_> {
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    fn hash<H: std::hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
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        self.name.hash(state);
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    }
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}